Error message: bound method WebElement.click of <selenium.webdriver.firefox.webelement.FirefoxWeb-CodePudding

I have written a Python script which logs into my E-Mail account and sends some messages automatically.

After having tested the code which worked, I wanted to simplify it (add one-liners, reduce number of local variables...). After the changes it was not working as I have expected. The full error message was:

<bound method WebElement.click of 
<selenium.webdriver.firefox.webelement.FirefoxWebElement (session="fa50a977-d210- 
4c7f-a836-080014cb9209", element="2548584a-e638-47fd-b40b-615516d0e9c6")>>

I am just going to post the beginning of the my script, to the point where the first error occured. When I understand how to avoid the first error, I can fix the rest of the code.

This code snippet of the beginning of my code worked:

from selenium import webdriver
from selenium.webdriver.support.ui import WebDriverWait
from selenium.webdriver.common.by import By
from selenium.webdriver.support import expected_conditions as EC

browser = webdriver.Firefox()
browser.get('https://protonmail.com/')
loginButton = WebDriverWait(browser, 10).until(EC.presence_of_element_located((By.CSS_SELECTOR, "a.btn-ghost:nth-child(1)")))
loginButton.click()

I changed it to the following code which does not work:

browser = webdriver.Firefox()
browser.get('https://protonmail.com/')
wait = WebDriverWait(browser, 10)
wait.until(EC.presence_of_element_located((By.CSS_SELECTOR, "a.btn-ghost:nth-child(1)"))).click()

Obviously, I violated some basic Python programming rule here. Can anyone explain to me, what is wrong with the second code snippet and why this type of error occurs?

CodePudding user response：

As mentioned by pcalkins in a comment this is a typo here.
You are using .click method instead of .click() method.
So instead of

wait.until(EC.presence_of_element_located((By.CSS_SELECTOR, "a.btn-ghost:nth-child(1)"))).click

It should be

wait.until(EC.presence_of_element_located((By.CSS_SELECTOR, "a.btn-ghost:nth-child(1)"))).click()

I would like to advice you to use visibility_of_element_located expected conditions each time this would be relevant rather than presence_of_element_located. Since presence_of_element_located may return you an element while it is still not completely loaded, only existing on the page while visibility_of_element_located will wait for the element visibility that is more mature element state when it is already visible, clickable etc.