Split string by comma and space or space-CodePudding

I have two example strings, which I would like to split by either ", " (if , is present) or " ".

x = ">Keratyna 5, egzon 2, Homo sapiens"
y = ">101m_A mol:protein length:154  MYOGLOBIN"

The split should be performed just once to recover two pieces of information:

id, description = re.split(pattern, string, maxsplit=1)

For ">Keratyna 5, egzon 2, Homo sapiens" -> [">Keratyna 5", "egzon 2, Homo sapiens"]

For ">101m_A mol:protein length:154 MYOGLOBIN" -> [">101m_A", "mol:protein length:154 MYOGLOBIN"]

I came up with the following patterns: ",\\s |\\s ", ",\\s |^,\\s ", "[,]\\s |[^,]\\s ", but none of these work.

The solution I made is using an exception:

try:
    id, description = re.split(",\s ", description, maxsplit=1)
except ValueError:
    id, description = re.split("\s ", description, maxsplit=1)

but honestly I hate this workaround. I haven't found any suitable regex pattern yet. How should I do it?

CodePudding user response：

You can use

^((?=.*,)[^,] |\S )[\s,] (.*)

See the regex demo. Details:

^ - start of string
((?=.*,)[^,] |\S ) - Group 1: if there is a , after any zero or more chars other than line break chars as many as possible, then match one or more chars other than ,, or match one or more non-whitespace chars
[\s,] - zero or more commas/whitespaces
(.*) - Group 2: zero or more chars other than line break chars as many as possible

See the Python demo:

import re
pattern = re.compile( r'^((?=.*,)[^,] |\S )[\s,] (.*)' )
texts = [">Keratyna 5, egzon 2, Homo sapiens", ">101m_A mol:protein length:154  MYOGLOBIN"]
for text in texts:
    m = pattern.search(text)
    if m:
        id, description = m.groups()
        print(f"ID: '{id}', DESCRIPTION: '{description}'")

Output:

ID: '>Keratyna 5', DESCRIPTION: 'egzon 2, Homo sapiens'
ID: '>101m_A', DESCRIPTION: 'mol:protein length:154  MYOGLOBIN'

CodePudding user response：

You could either split on the first occurrence of , or split on a space that is no occurrence of , to the right using an alternation:

, | (?!.*?, )

The pattern matches:

, Match ,
| Or
(?!.*?, ) Negative lookahead, assert that to the right is not ,

See a Python demo and a regex demo.

Example

import re

strings = [
    ">Keratyna 5, egzon 2, Homo sapiens",
    ">101m_A mol:protein length:154  MYOGLOBIN"
]

for s in strings:
    print(re.split(r", | (?!.*?, )", s, maxsplit=1))

Output

['>Keratyna 5', 'egzon 2, Homo sapiens']
['>101m_A', 'mol:protein length:154  MYOGLOBIN']